اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر شفقت بر بهبود انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی و کاهش خود انتقادی در مادران دارای کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی عمومی، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران

چکیده

مادران کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی با مشکلات متعدد روان‌شناختی از جمله انعطاف‌پذیری پایین و خود انتقادی مواجهه هستند و به نظر می‌رسد که نیرومندسازی شفقت می‌تواند آن‌ها در غلبه بر این نارسایی‌ها کمک کند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر شفقت بر بهبود انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی و کاهش خود انتقادی مادران دارای کودکان کم‌توان ذهنی در یک طرح نیمه‌آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با یک گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل انجام شد. جامعه‌ی این پژوهش شامل کلیه مادران دارای فرزند کم‌توان ذهنی مشغول به تحصیل در مدارس استثنایی شهرستان قائم شهر بود. 30 مادر دارای فرزند کم‌توان ذهنی به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (15 n =) و کنترل (15n = ) قرار گرفتند. شرکت‌کنندگان گروه آزمایش در هشت جلسه تحت درمان مبتنی بر شفقت قرار گرفتند و شرکت‌کنندگان گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکردند. شرکت‌کنندگان دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در مراحل پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و دو ماه پس از مداخله در پرسش‌نامه‌ی انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی و مقیاس سطوح خود انتقادی مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و بسته‌ی نرم‌افزار 22-SPSS انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که درمان مبتنی بر شفقت در بهبود انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی و کاهش خود انتقادی در شرکت‌کنندگان گروه آزمایش نسبت به شرکت‌کنندگان گروه کنترل اثربخش بود. بنابر این، در زمینه‌ی طراحی مداخلات مؤثر در کاهش آسیب‌های روان‌شناختی در مادران با کودک کم‌توان ذهنی می‌توان از درمان مبتنی بر شفقت برای افزایش انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی و کاهش خود انتقادی بهره‌مند شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Compassion-focused Therapy on Psychological Flexibility recovery and Self-criticism decrease in Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohadese Rostampour Brenjestanaki 1
  • Ghodratollah Abbasi 2
  • Bahram Mirzaian 2
1 PhD Student in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Mothers with mentally retarded children are exposure to many psychological problems, including low flexibility and self-criticism, and it seems that strengthening compassion can help them to overcome these shortcomings. This study was conducted aimed to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on psychological flexibility recovery and self-criticism decrease in mothers with mentally retarded children in a quasi-experimental design of pretest, posttest, and follow-up with one experimental group and one control group. The population of this study included all mothers with mentally retarded children in exceptional schools of Ghaemshahr city. 30 mother with mentally retarded children were selected using purposeful sampling method and assigned randomly in two experimental group (n =15) and control group (n = 15). The experimental group participants participated in eight of treatment session compassion-focused therapy and the control group participants not received any intervention. The participants in each two group were assessed the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory and Levels of Self Criticism Scale in pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. Data were analyzed using analysis of repeated-measures variance, and SPSS-22 statistical software. The results indicated that compassion-focused therapy was effective in psychological flexibility improve and self-criticism reduce in the experimental group participants compared to the control group participants, Therefore, in the context of designing effective interventions in reducing psychological damages in mothers with mentally retarded children can be used of compassion-focused therapy to psychological flexibility recovery and self-criticism decrease.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compassion
  • psychological flexibility
  • self-Criticism
  • mentally retarded children
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