ساخت و اعتباریابی پرسشنامه­ی سنجش امکان سازگاری زناشویی برای زوجین در آستانه­ی طلاق

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

رشد آمار طلاق در ایران، متخصصان را نگران تصمیم­گیری درست زوجین در پدیده­ی طلاق کرده است. به همین منظور، هدف پژوهش حاضر ساخت و اعتباریابی پرسشنامه­ی سنجش امکان سازگاری زناشویی است که به منظور کمک به تصمیم­گیری کارشناسانه­ی متخصصان در مورد زوجین در آستانه­ی طلاق ساخته شده است. روش پژوهش ترکیبی از نوع اکتشافی (تدوین ابزار) بوده که در دو مرحله انجام شد. در مرحله­ی اول براساس روش کیفی نظریه زمینه­ای، با استفاده از مصاحبه با 33 زوج در آستانه­ی طلاق و 15 مشاور خانواده و طلاق، عوامل امکان سازگاری زناشویی کشف شد و پرسشنامه­ای در دو فرم زنان و مردان طراحی شد. در مرحله­ی دوم بر اساس روش کمی، روایی و پایایی پرسشنامه­ها­ی ساخته شده با انتخاب هدفمند 262 زن و 202 مرد مراجعه کننده به مراکز مشاوره­ی شهر اصفهان بررسی شد. با استفاده از نرم­افزارهای SPSS و AMOS تحلیل عاملی تائیدی انجام گرفت و آلفای کرونباخ پرسشنامه­ و خرده آزمون­ها محاسبه شد. یافته­ها نشان داد که دو بعد اصلی سرمایه­های مثبت و سرمایه­های منفی رابطه­ی زناشویی (بازدارنده­های طلاق) در امکان سازگاری زناشویی همسران دخیل است. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مقوله­های علاقه، اعتماد، رابطه­ی جنسی، پذیرش، عدالت و انصاف در بعد سرمایه­های مثبت رابطه­ی زناشویی برای مردان و زنان ظهور یافتند. همچنین در بعد سرمایه­های منفی رابطه­ی زناشویی، مقوله­های نگرش­های بازدارنده، خانواده­ی اصلی، فرزندان (برای مردان و زنان) و شرایط اقتصادی- اجتماعی (خاص زنان) بدست آمدند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تائیدی نیز بیانگر تبیین معناداری از واریانس متغیر موردنظر توسط عامل­ها هم برای فرم زنان (48/0) و هم برای فرم مردان (49/0) بود. آلفای کرونباخ پرسشنامه­ی فرم زنان 89/0 و برای فرم مردان 90/0 بدست آمد. با توجه به کسب اعتبار و روایی مناسب برای فرم زنان و مردان، به­نظر می­رسد این پرسشنامه بتواند در امر تصمیم­گیری درست برای زندگی زناشویی برای متخصصان و زوجین کمک­کننده باشد.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development and Validation of Possibility of Marital Adjustment Questionnaire for Couples on the Brink of Divorce

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh jaberi 1
  • Ozra Etemadi 2
  • Maryam Fatehizade 2
  • Ali Rabbani Khorasgani 3
1 , Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Azadi square, Isfahan, Iran, 09131289754
3 Associate Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and humanities, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the possibility of marital adjustment so as to help experts make sound decisions about couples on the brink of divorce. The study was conducted using an exploratory method (instrument development) in two phases. In the first phase, based on qualitative method of grounded theory and using interviews with 33 couples on the brink of divorce and 15 marriage and divorce counselors, marital adjustment factors were explored and a questionnaire was designed in two versions for men and women. In the second phase, based on the quantitative method, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated by purposefully selecting 262 women and 202 men visiting counseling centers in Isfahan. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS and Cronbach’s alpha of the questionnaire and its subscales were calculated. The results showed that two main categories including positive resources and negative resources of marital relationship (deterrents to divorce) are involved in marital adjustment. The results indicated that love, trust, sexual relationship, acceptance, justice, and fairness were the subcategories of positive resources of marital relationship for men and women. Besides, deterrent attitudes, family of origin, children (for men and women) and socio-economic conditions (for women) were determined as the subcategories of the negative resources of the marital relationship. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis also provided a significant explanation of the variance of the variable under study by the factors both for women (0.48) and for men (0.49)

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Possibility of marital adjustment
  • Couples on the brink of divorce
  • Development and validation of a questionnaire
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