ساخت و اعتباریابی مقیاس سنجش کارآمدی مشاوران مدرسه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر، ساخت و اعتباریابی مقیاس سنجش کارآمدی مشاوران مدرسه بود. روش پژوهش آمیخته از نوع اکتشافی بود. در بخش کیفی، جامعه آماری شامل تمامی اساتید و متخصصان حوزه مشاوره در سطح کشور و همچنین معلمان، مشاوران و دانش آموزان دوره اول متوسطه استان اردبیل در سال‌تحصیلی 1401-1400 بودند که تعداد 46 نفر از آنان به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. در بخش کمی، جامعه آماری شامل تمام مشاوران مدرسه و رابطان مشاور (در مقطع ابتدایی) استان اردبیل در سال‌تحصیلی 1400-1401 بودند. در بخش کمی دو نمونه مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. در نمونه اول به منظور انجام تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، 220 نفر و در مرحله دوم نیز به منظور انجام تحلیل عاملی تأییدی یک نمونه 205 نفر از مشاوران و رابطان مشاور به صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها در بخش کیفی از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته و در بخش کمی از مقیاس سنجش کارآمدی مشاوران مدرسه و مقیاس اخلاق حرفه‌ای مشاوران مدرسه استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها در بخش کیفی با روش داده‌بنیاد و در بخش کمی با تحلیل عامل اکتشافی و تأییدی انجام گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بخش کیفی پژوهش ویژگی‌های اخلاقی، روان‌شناختی، رفتاری و عاطفی به عنوان مؤلفه‌های اصلی شناخته شدند. نتایج نهایی بخش کمی پژوهش نیز بیانگر مطلوبیت شاخص نیکویی برازش و اعتبار مقیاس سنجش کارآمدی مشاوران مدرسه در قالب عوامل چهارگانه ویژگی‌های اخلاقی، عاطفی، رفتاری و روان‌شناختی و در مجموع شامل 31 گویه بود. براساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، مقیاس سنجش کارآمدی مشاوران مدرسه برای سنجش این سازه در نمونه‌های ایرانی از پایایی و روایی کافی برخوردار است

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Construction and Validation of School Counselor’s Efficiency Measurement Scale

نویسندگان [English]

  • Dariush Azimi 1
  • Hossein Ghamari Givi 2
  • Ali Rezaeisharif 3
  • Ali Sheykholeslami 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to construct and validate a scale for assessing efficiency in school counselors. This mixed methods study followed an exploratory approach. In the qualitative section, the statistical population included all professors and specialists in the field of counseling in Iran, as well as teachers, counselors, and lower secondary school students in Ardabil province in the 2021-2022 academic year, 46 of whom were selected by purposive and snowball sampling. In the quantitative section, the statistical population included all school counselors and liaison counselors (in primary schools) of Ardabil province in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the quantitative section, two samples were used. In the first sample, 220 people were selected for exploratory factor analysis and in the second stage, 205 counselors and liaison counselors were selected through multistage cluster random sampling for confirmatory factor analysis. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data in the qualitative section and the School Counselor’s Efficiency Measurement Scale and the School Counselor’s Professional Ethics Scale were used in the quantitative section. The data were analyzed using grounded theory in the qualitative section and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in the quantitative section. Based on the results of the qualitative section of the research, moral, psychological, behavioral, and emotional characteristics were identified as the main components. The final results of the quantitative section of the research showed the goodness of fit was acceptable and approved the validity of the School Counselor’s Efficiency Measurement Scale in terms of moral, emotional, behavioral, and psychological characteristics with 31 items. Based on the findings of the present study, the School Counselor’s Efficiency Measurement Scale, for assessing this construct in Iranian samples, has sufficient reliability and validity

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Efficiency
  • School counselor
  • Psychological characteristics
  • Behavioral characteristics
  • Moral characteristics
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