اثربخشی درمان متمرکز بر هیجان بر ناگویی هیجانی و انتظار از ازدواج ایده‌آل‌گرایانه در دختران کمال‌گرای روان‌رنجور: یک مطالعه‌ی آزمایشی تک موردی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره، گروه مشاوره، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد سوسنگرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوسنگرد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مشاوره، واحد مسجدسلیمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مسجدسلیمان، ایران

چکیده

کمال‌گرایی روان‌رنجور، پیامدهای روان‌شناختی متنوعی دارد، که در چارچوب کاربست‌های روان‌درمانی باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد. پژوهش حاضر جهت تعیین اثربخشی درمان متمرکز بر هیجان بر ناگویی هیجانی و انتظار از ازدواج ایده‌آل‌گرایانه در دختران کمال‌گرای روان‌رنجور انجام گردید. جامعه‌ی آماری پژوهش دختران کمال‌گرای روانجور مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاوره‌ی شهر اهواز بود که نمونه‌ای شامل 5 نفر با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و کسب حداقل نمره‌ی خط برش 145 در آزمون کمال‌گرایی روان‌رنجور انتخاب شدند. این مطالعه از نوع طرح شبه آزمایشی تک موردی بود. پروتکل درمان متمرکز بر هیجان گلدمن و گرینبرگ (2015) 11 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای اجرا شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان مقیاس ناگویی‌هیجانی و انتظار از ازدواج ایده‌آل‌گرایانه را تکمیل نمودند. داده‌ها در سه مرحله خط پایه، درمان و پیگیری جمع‌آوری شدند و به روش شاخص تغییر پایا، درصد بهبودی و ترسیم دیداری تحلیل شدند. نتایج درصد بهبودی نشان داد که آزمودنی‌ها در مرحله‌ی درمان در متغیر ناگویی هیجانی (58/10) و در متغیر انتظار از ازدواج ایده‌آل‌گرایانه (98/12) و در مرحله‌ی پیگیری در متغیر ناگویی هیجانی (41/19) و در متغیر انتظار از ازدواج ایده‌آل‌گرایانه (86/24)، بهبود پیدا کردند. هم‌چنین شاخص تغییر پایای هر دو متغیر در مرحله‌ی پس از درمان و پیگیری معنادار (96/1 z= و سطح معناداری 05/0) بود. بنابراین درمان متمرکز بر هیجان از طریق مواجهه، ابراز و تنظیم مجدد هیجانات و همچنین شناسایی و ابراز خواسته‌ها و نیازها، باعث کاهش ناگویی هیجانی و انتظار از ازدواج ایده‌آل‌گرایانه در دختران کمال‌گرای روان‌رنجور می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) in Alexithymia and Idealistic Marriage Expectations in Neurotic Perfectionist Girls: A Single-Case Experimental Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Khadem Dezfuli 1
  • Seyedeh Zahra Alavi 2
  • Masoud Shahbazi 3
1 1. PhD Student, Department of Counseling, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Susangard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Susangard, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Masjid Sulaiman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjid Sulaiman, Iran
چکیده [English]

Neurotic perfectionism has a variety of psychological consequences that should be considered in psychotherapy applications. The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy (EFT) in alexithymia and idealistic marriage expectations in neurotic perfectionist girls. The research population consisted of neurotic perfectionist girls visiting counseling centers in Ahvaz. The participants were a sample of 5 girls selected using purposive sampling with a minimum cut-off score of 145 in the Neurotic Perfectionism Questionnaire (NPQ). This study was conducted using a single-case quasi-experimental design. The emotion-focused therapy (EFT) protocol (Goldman & Greenberg, 2015) was implemented in eleven 90-minute sessions. The participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Marriage. Expectation Scale (MES). The data were collected in three baseline, treatment, and follow-up phases, and were analyzed using the reliable change index (RCI), recovery rate, and visual drawing. The analysis of the recovery rate showed the participants’ alexithymia (10.58) and idealistic marriage expectations (12.98) improved in the treatment phase and their alexithymia (19.41) and idealistic marriage expectations (24.86) improved in the follow-up phase. Moreover, the reliability change index of both variables in the post-treatment and follow-up phases was significant (z=1.96; P = 0.05). Thus, emotion-focused therapy (EFT) reduces alexithymia and idealistic marriage expectations in neurotic perfectionist girls by confronting, expressing, and regulating emotions, and identifying and expressing desires and needs

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • emotion-focused therapy (EFT)
  • alexithymia
  • idealistic marriage expectations
  • neurotic perfectionism

مراجع

Alavi, S. Z., Amanelahi, A., Attari, Y., & Koraei, A. (2019). The effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Couple Therapy on improvement Social Intimacy and Psychological flexibility of maladjusted couples. Scientific Journal of Social Psychology, 6(50), 57-72. (Persian). doi: 20.1001.1.23455098.1398.6.50.6.9
Aramideh, R., & RezaKhani, S. (2019). Expectation of marriage based on attachment styles and personality traits. Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, 10(40), 223-244. (Persian).‌ https://jzvj.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_3876.html
Ashteh, K., & Karami, J. (2019). Predicting marital attitude through the personality characteristics, attachment styles and family environment in students. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi, 7(11), 355-374.‌ (Persian). http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-431-fa.html
Bahreinian, Z., & Sanagoye Moharer, G. (2020). Effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on pain acceptance and mental health dimension among patients with urticarial. Commonity Health, 7(2), 201-210. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22037/ch.v7i2.23801
Besharat, M. A. (2007a). Reliability and factorial validity of a Farsi version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale with a sample of Iranian students. Psychological Reports, 101, 209-220. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.1.209-220
Besharat, M. A. (2007b). Assessing reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale in a sample of substance-using patients. Psychological Reports, 102, 259-270. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.102.1.259-270
Besharat, M. A. (2008). Psychometric characteristics of Persian version of the Toronto alexithymia scale-20 in clinical and non-clinical samples. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(1), 1-6. (Persian).‌ https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/jip/Article/1054496
Cheraghi Seyf Abad, N., Ehtesham Zadeh, P., Asgari, P., & Johari Fard, R. (2021). Assessing effectiveness of schema mode therapy and emotionally focused couples therapy in attachment styles among couples with marital conflict. Biannual Journal of Applied Counseling, 10(2), 73-98. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22055/jac.2021.36036.1772
Curran, T., & Hill, A. P. (2019). Perfectionism is increasing over time: A meta-analysis of birth cohort differences from 1989 to 2016. Psychological Bulletin, 145(4), 410-429.‌ https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000138
Davoudi, R., Golamreza Manshaee, G., & Golparvar, M. (2020). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Emotion focused therapy and Adolescent-centered Mindfulness Therapy on Nomophobia Symptoms and Sleep Quality of Girls with Nomophobic Symptoms. Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. December-January, 7(5), 63-71. (Persian). http://jhpm.ir/article-1-1014-fa.html
Dillon, H. N. (2005). Family violence and divorce: Effects on marriage expectations. Doctoral dissertation. Johnson, Tennessee: East Tennessee State University. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/998/
Fakhri, M. (2013). Comparing the effectiveness of neurofeedback therapy and emotion-focused group therapy on reducing ataxia and improving marital satisfaction. MA Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Mashhad. https://elmnet.ir/doc/10692199-52212
Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(5), 449-468. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172967
Gandomkar, M., Liagat, R., & Shahriari Ahmadi, M. (2019). Psychometric properties of the Neurotic Perfectionism Scale among students. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi, 8(8), 9-16. (Persian). https://frooyesh.ir/browse.php?a_id=414&sid=1&slc_lang=fa
Goldman, R. N., & Greenberg, L. S. (2015). Case formulation in emotion-focused therapy: Co-creating clinical maps for change. Traslated by Ramazani, M.A., Rasouli, S., & Sharifzade, M. (2020). Tehran: Publication institute. (Persian) https://doi.org/10.1037/14523-001
Grugan, M. C., Hill, A. P., Madigan, D. J., Donachie, T. C., Olsson, L. F., & Etherson, M. E. (2021). Perfectionism in academically gifted students: A systematic review. EducationalPsychology Review, 33(4), 1631-1673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09597-7
Hajrzaei, B., Navabi Nezhad, Sh., & Kiamanesh, A. (2019). Comparison of the effectiveness of Olson's approach with acceptance and commitment on marriage expectation and responsibility of bachelor girls. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 61(1), 202-241. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2019.13900
Houseinzadeh, Z., Ghorban Shirodi, Z., Khalatbari, J., & Rahmani, M. A. (2021). The comparison of the effectiveness of emotionally focused couples therapy and reality therapy for couples on marital communication beliefs and marital expectations of couples. Journal of Assessment and Research in Counseling and Psychology, 2(8), 1-13. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.52547/jarcp.3.2.1
Jones, G. D., & Nelson, E. S. (1996). Expectations for marriage among college students from intact and non-intact homes. Journal of Divorce Remarriage, 26(1), 171-89. https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v26n01_09
Karaman, M. A., Vela, J. C., & Eşici, H. (2020). Middle school students’ academic motivation in Turkey: Levels of perfectionism and self-efficacy. Middle School Journal, 51(5), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2020.1814624
Khalili, M., Mohammadi, M., SarouKhani, F., Ganjifar, Z., & Ternas, Gh. (2022). The Effectiveness of Emotion Therapy on Irrational Beliefs and Perfectionism in Female Students. Journal of Consulting Excellence and Psychotherapy, 42(2), 14-24. (Persian). https://sanad.iau.ir/en/Article/932053
Khodabandeh Lou, N., Fathi Aghdam, Gh., Vahideh Babakhani, V., & Alijani, F. (2021). Comparison of the effectiveness of "Metacognitive Therapy" and "Emotion-Focused Therapy" on ruminant response high school male students. Journal of Health Promotion Management, 10(6), 142-150. (Persian). https://jhpm.ir/article-1-1342-en.html
Mahapatra, A., & Sharma, P. (2018). Association of Internet addiction and alexithymia -A scoping review. Addictive Behaviors, 81(9), 175-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.02.004
Mehboodi, M., Amiri, S., & Molavi, H. (2020). Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training on Resilience and Problem Solving Styles on Adolescents under Dialysis. Biannual Journal of Applied Counseling, 10(1), 1-25. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.22055/jac.2020.31618.1710
Mansouri, J., Besharat, M. A., & Gharibi, H. R. (2019). Predicting alexithymia based on attachment styles and perfectionism dimensions. Journal of Psychological Science, 18, 981-990. (Persian). https://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-511-en.html
Mitzman, S. F., Slade, P., & Dewey, M. E. (1994). Preliminary development of a questionnaire designed to measure neurotic perfectionism in the eating disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 50, 516-522. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199407)50:4<516::AID-JCLP2270500406>3.0.CO;2-0
Moridi, M., & Boroumandnasab, M. (2018). The relationship between perfectionism and alexithymia with loneliness among nursing and midwifery Dezful Azad University students. Educational Development of Judishapur, 8(4), 436-444. (Persian). https://edj.ajums.ac.ir/article_81483.html?lang=en
Nemattavousi, M., & Soltaninia, Sh. (2020). The mediating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between Alexithymia and emotion regulation in patients with major depression disorder after traumatic brain injury. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 7(2), 140-152. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.52547/shenakht.7.2.140
Nilfroushan, P., Abedi, A., Navidian, A., & Ahmadi, S. A. (2011). Studying the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Marriage Expectation Scale (MES). Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 5(1), 11-19. (Persian). https://www.behavsci.ir/ article_67711.html
Pay Pouzan, S. (2020). The effectiveness of emotion-oriented cognitive therapy on selfefficacy and cognitive emotional regulation in obese women. Journal of Psychology New Ideas, 4(8), 1-13. (Persian). https://jnip.ir/article-1-492-fa.html
Rajabi, G., Imani, M., Khojstemehr, R., Birami, M., & Beshlideh, K. (2014). The study of the efficacy of acceptance based behavior therapy and integrative behavioral couple therapy on women with distressed couples and general anxiety disorder. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 11(6), 600-619. (Persian) https://rbs.mui.ac.ir/ browse.php?a_id=351&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Saeedi Heydari, R., Dastjerdi, R., & Salehi Fadardi, J. (2014). The effects of emotion focused therapy on reducing alexithymia and OCD symptoms. Trends in Life Sciences, An International Per- Reviewed Journal, 3(5), 100-108. (Persian).  https://www.academia.edu/113306696/The_Effects_of_Emotion_Focused_Therapy_on_Reducing_Alexithymia_and_OCD_Symptoms
Seyed Moharrami, I., Pashib, M., Mohammadi, S., & Tatari, M. (2017). The effect of premarital Counseling on marriage expectation among students of university of medical sciences. Journal of Health Chimes, 4(4), 10-15. (Persian).  https://doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/10.3/5
Shokrolahi, M., Hashemi, E., Mehrabizadeh Honarmand, M., Zargar, Y., & Naaimi, A. (2022). Comparison of the effectiveness of Emotion Focused Therapy (EFT) and Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) on anxiety sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, experiential avoidance and cognitive emotion regulation in patients with chronic pain and alexithymia. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 19(4), 739-752. (Persian). https://doi.org/10.52547/rbs.19.4.739
Timulak, L., Keogh, D., McElvaney, J., Schmitt, S., Hession, N., Timulakova, K., ... & Ward, F. (2020). Emotion-focused therapy as a transdiagnostic treatment for depression, anxiety and related disorders: Protocol for an initial feasibility randomised control trial. HRB Open Research, 13, 30-70. https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.12993.1
Watson, J. C., & Greenberg, L. S. (2017). Emotion-focused therapy for generalized anxiety. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000018-000
Zanganeh Motlag, F., Bani-Jamali, Sh. S., Ahadi, H., & Hatami, H. R. (2017). The effectiveness of couples therapy based on acceptance and commitment and emotionally focused couples therapy on improvement of intimacy and reduction of Alexithymia among couples. Journal of Thought & Behavior in Clinical Psychology, 11(44), 47-56. (Persian). https://journals.ihu.ac.ir/article_201705_bbaaa9569483344d7897c68c125521b3.pdf
Zofan, S., & Ghasedi, M. (2020). The Prediction of Alexithymia based on Self-Efficacy and Perfectionism Street children of school age. Journal of Psychology New Ideas, 6(10), 1-14. (Persian).‌ https://jnip.ir/article-1-351-fa.html
 
مشاوره کاربردی
دوره 14، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1403
صفحه 29-43

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 بهمن 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 اردیبهشت 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 اردیبهشت 1402

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار