توصیف پدیدارشناسانه واکنش‌های سوگ دختران به فقدان پدر

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی عمومی، دبیر آموزش و پرورش ناحیه 5 تبریز، ایران

چکیده

فقدان یک یا هر دو والد از استرس‌زاترین وقایع زندگی است که یک کودک یا نوجوان ممکن است در طول زندگی خود تجربه کند و اغلب به ایجاد پیامدهای جسمی و روانی نامطلوب در آن‌ها منجر می‌شود. آگاهی از فقدان عزیزان منجر به واکنش‌های سوگ می‌شود؛ که مدت آن می‌تواند هفته‌ها تا ماه‌ها به‌طول انجامد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف توصیف پدیدارشناسانه واکنش‌های سوگ دختران به فقدان پدر انجام شد. بافت مطالعه دختران نوجوان تبریز (1399)، که در دوران کودکی پدر خود را در اثر بیماری از دست داده بودند و با مادر خود زندگی می‌کردند، بود. شرکت‌کنندگان از طریق نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب گردیدند. شرکت‌کنندگان در این پژوهش، به‌دلیل رسیدن به اشباع داده‌ها. شامل هفت دختر 15-18 ساله بودند. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته جمع‌آوری شد. تحلیل متن مصاحبه‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل هفت مرحله‌ای کلایزی انجام شد. براساس یافته‌های پژوهش دو مقوله اصلی واکنش‌های ابتدایی (شامل مقوله‌های فرعی شوک، برون‌ریزی و آشفتگی) و واکنش‌های پایدار (شامل مقوله‌های فرعی اندوه و سازگاری) شناسایی گردید. واکنش‌های سوگ دختران به فقدان پدر به‌صورت واکنش‌های ابتدایی و واکنش‌های پایدار توصیف شد. به روان‌شناسان و مشاوران پیشنهاد گردید که به ابعاد واکنش‌های سوگ کودکان و نوجوانان دختر در رویارویی با فقدان پدر، در ارزیابی و درمان توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenomenological Description of Girls’ Grief Reactions to the Loss of the Father

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kobra Namvaran Germi 1
  • Ezzatollah Ahmadi 2
  • Pari Yarifard 3
1 Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Psychology Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
3 MS in General Psychology, The teacher of East Azarbaijan Province Education Organization, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The loss of a parent or both is one of the most stress-causing events that a child or an adolescent may experience in his/ her life, and often cause in unpleasant physical and mental outcomes. Awareness of the death of a person’s loved ones, leads to grief reactions, the length of which can last for weeks or even for months. The research aimed to describe the grief reactions of the girls toward the death of their fathers, phenomenologically. The context of the study was the adelecent girls of Tabriz (2019), who had lost their fathers in their childhood due to an illness, and was living with their mothers. The participants were selected through purposive sampling. The participants of the research, due to reaching data saturation, were seven girls aged 15-18. The data were collected through semi-structured interview. The interview texts were analyzed using the seven-phased Colizze analysis method. Based on the findings two main categories of “initial reactions” (including shock, ejection, and confusion subcategories), and “constant reactions” (including sadness and adjustment subcategories) were identified. The grief reactions of the girls to the loss of their fathers were described as both “initial” and “constant” reactions. It was suggested to the psychologists and counselors that, they should pay attention to different dimensions of the grief reactions that the child or the adolescent girls experience, facing the loss of their fathers in the process of evaluation and therapy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • adolescent
  • daughter
  • grief
  • loss
  • reaction

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مشاوره کاربردی
دوره 13، شماره 1
تیر 1402
صفحه 63-74

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 تیر 1402

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